Melasma
MELASMA is an abbreviation for mela complexus erythematosus complexus. It’s a hereditary skin disorder which causes the appearance of’mask-like’ bumps called’melasma’, sometimes called’mask-like scars’. Melasma occurs usually during childhood and often disappears by adolescence. The exact cause of this disorder is not known, but it is believed to be linked to increased production of certain chemicals (e.g. tyrosine, iodine, or melanocorticoids) in the skin.
MELASMA has several common types, including MELASMA type I, which is the least common; MELASMA type II, which is the most common; and MELASMA type III, which is the rarest. MELASMA I is the least common type and is characterized by small, firm, light-colored patches of raised skin (the’saggy’ look). MELASMA II is characterized by large, firm, dark-colored, uneven-looking, patchy skin. MELASMA III is the rarest type and is characterized by large, firm, dark-colored spots, which can range from red to purple in color.
MELASMA typically presents with’mask-like’ patches on the foreheads (on the bridge of the nose, cheeks, or forehead) which are of variable sizes, located between the base of one tooth and the tip of the second. These patches are also found on some parts of the upper body, including the shoulders, chest, abdomen, thighs, and buttocks. While most cases of melasma develop on the forehead, they can also occur on the cheeks of other areas of the head. MELASMA is frequently confused with melasma vulgaris, a similar condition which is also of yellowish color. While both conditions are caused by the same genetic enzyme, they are two different disorders which should not be confused with each other.
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